Additionally, efforts have been made to standardize and manage the quality control of Hymenoptera venom, including BV, to ensure its therapeutic efficacy (Oliveira Orsi et al., 2024)
This connection to an endogenous protective factor, combined with the breadth of preclinical research showing activity across multiple physiological systems, has contributed to the peptide's popular attention
Additionally, the diverse intestinal virome that is established from birth (57) includes many prokaryotic viruses called bacteriophages (220)
Peptides are made from amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, and many peptides act as messengers that help regulate functions such as metabolism, tissue repair, hormone signaling, immune response, sleep, and appetite
Another study by Xia, Qin (165) in Wuhan showed that high-dose intravenous vitamin C reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-8, TNF) and mitigates myocardial damage as a result of hyperinflammation triggered by COVID-19 infection (165)
It helps protect cells against the effects of oxidative stress from dietary and environmental free radicals, and those resulting from normal metabolic processes
