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As a result of these shocks, the rat would become agitated and attack the second rat

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3 Ethanol metabolism and oxidative stress in ALD 3.1 Ethanol metabolism in ALD In a healthy liver, ethanol is primarily metabolized through three main pathways: (1) The Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) System: ADH, an oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent enzyme ( (2) The Microsomal Ethanol Oxidizing System (MEOS): This pathway involves the metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde in the mitochondria, converting NADPH and O 2 into oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+) and H 2 O, while simultaneously producing ROS ( 2 O 2 ) and hydroxyl radicals (OH) ( (3) Other Oxidative Pathways: These include reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-catalase (CAT) and xanthine oxidase-catalase (XO-CAT) systems (Zima et al., 2001)

For a description of pathway objects, see the WikiPathways Legend