The most common causes include B12 supplementation (particularly injections), liver disease releasing stored B12, haematological disorders increasing B12-binding proteins, and chronic kidney disease reducing B12 excretion
[1] Store the vials in their original carton or in an opaque container within the refrigerator to minimize light exposure
This distinction is vital for researchers who need to maintain a pristine chemical environment over several weeks of testing
As B12 is water soluble and generally safe, it is often given to geriatric animals who are losing weight and just doing poorly in general, and it definitely helps increase energy and improve quality of life in dogs. What Does Vitamin B12 Do for Dogs
Understanding side effect profiles helps determine the right frequency and format for ongoing B12 treatment
The science you provided regarding rapid excretion and reduced liver stores is vital in countering this outdated view