People with the following should discuss risks carefully with a medical professional: Liver disease Kidney disease Pernicious anemia Known allergies to any ingredient in the formulation Pregnancy or breastfeeding (safety not well-studied avoid unless prescribed) Because ingredients differ between providers, always verify the formulation and follow prescribed dosing to minimize risk
However, they also noted that historic literature often suffers from methodological limitations, such as small sample sizes (averaging ~36 participants) and short study durations
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1413021112
10.1182/blood-2014-07-586677 41
The article also describes principal advantages, administration considerations, result timelines, and pragmatic steps to support immune enhancement
Gastrointestinal Disorders : Shown to promote mucosal healing and reduce inflammation in conditions such as Crohns disease and ulcerative colitis