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chinensis polysaccharide HFD High-fat diets FA Fatty acid TGs Triglycerides AMPK Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase ACC Acetyl-CoA carboxylase GN Gomisin N LXR Liver X receptor CaMKII Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II mTOR Mammalian target of rapamycin PPARs Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors APOs Apolipoproteins ALT Alanine aminotransferase SREBP-1c Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c TC Total cholesterol SCD1 Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 AST Aspartate aminotransferase OA Oleic acid GLUT4 Glucose transporter 4 ATP Adenosine triphosphate IRS-1 Insulin receptor substrate 1 ACP Acetyl phosphate PTP1B Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B UGP2 UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase 2 ROS Reactive oxygen species CYP450 Cytochrome P450 GSH Glutathione NASH Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis KEAP1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 HO-1 Heme oxygenase-1 HSC Hepatic stellate cell MDA Malondialdehyde TNF - Tumor necrosis factor- IL-1/6 Interleukin-1 beta/6 ERS Endoplasmic reticulum stress GRP78 Glucose regulatory protein 78 Glossary References 1
Chirumbolo S, Bjrklund G (2017) PERM hypothesis: the fundamental machinery able to elucidate the role of xenobiotics and hormesis in cell survival and homeostasis
This designation allows the use of research chemicals strictly for in vitro testing and laboratory experimentation only
Key Takeaway While oral, liposomal and intravenous Glutathione can all be used as part of a supplementation routine, liposomal and oral forms are generally the most practical and cost-effective options for long-term use
114 Among other things, it is necessary for normal immune function, control of oxidative stress, and modulation of the responsiveness of brain neurons
