(25) Interestingly, the bioavailability of vitamin B12 in dietary supplements has been found to be around 50% higher than from food sources
Medvidovic-Grubisic M, Stambolija V, Kolenc D, Katancic J, Murselovic T, Plestina-Borjan I, et al
Because delayed gastric emptying can affect absorption, discuss timing for oral medicines with narrow therapeutic windows
Treating vitamin B12 deficiency Vitamin B12 injections are typically used to treat anaemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency
Topical and transdermal delivery
Topical makes the most sense for: Facial skin texture, fine lines, hydration Scalp application for localized hair growth Scar treatment or post-procedure recovery on a specific area Patients who want to fold GHK-Cu into an existing skincare routine Injectable makes the most sense for: Systemic wound healing (especially internal or in areas you can't easily apply cream) Joint and connective tissue support (topical simply can't penetrate deep enough) Broader anti-aging goals beyond the skin surface Patients already running other injectable peptide protocols (CJC-1295/ipamorelin, BPC-157, TB-500) Here's the thing: for joints specifically, there's no argument