plant foods contain negligible bioavailable B12 Excessive alcohol consumption impairs B12 absorption by damaging gastric mucosa and reducing intrinsic factor production High folate intake does not cause B12 deficiency but may mask anaemia whilst neurological damage progresses undetected Vegans require B12 supplementation (at least 10 micrograms daily or 2,000 micrograms weekly) as plant foods are unreliable sources Serum B12 levels below 148 pmol/L indicate deficiency
oral contraceptives may reduce the blood levels of Hydroxocobalamin injection
Examples of these health conditions include those with a lack of stomach acid, those who have undergone bariatric surgery, anemia caused by the inability to absorb the vitamin, other autoimmune digestive diseases, as well as several medications
Many people on a regular schedule find that the up-and-down feeling fades and their energy stays steadier through the week
Also, research shows that B12 absorbs best when dissolved in an isotonic solution like saline
From a receptor standpoint, there is no overlap
