The addition of caffeine to e-cig liquids could act as an initiation primer, leading to increased caffeine seeking and consumption and chances of caffeine addiction, they wrote, noting that caffeine consumption has been reported to increase the odds of smoking [and] the urge to smoke. Did Juul add caffeine to its pods in an attempt to make them more enjoyable, more stimulating, or more addictive
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The survey of 32,000 people in England interviewed before and after the ban took effect found the decline in smoking had accelerated
The prevalence from sensitivity analyses including studies with all patients undergoing ART, and only studies with low risk of bias were close to crude prevalence (Additional file 1: Tables S6)
The rise of vaping and decline in smoking rates over the last decade has been spurred by several factors, including increased links to cancer, and an emphasis on improving personal health
